Who Made the Mistake

NAME: ZEENAT AMEEN MOHAMMED ID NO: 7401 COURSE NAME: CROSS CULTURAL COMMUNICATION TOPIC: WHO MADE A SERIOUS MISTAKE? LECTURER: DR. SHARON CASE STUDY: WHO MADE A SERIOUS MISTAKE? 3. 1IDENTIFYING THE FACTS OF THE CASE: The facts of the case are: * Jean safari was investigating a serious error made by a Japanese worker at the Japanese subsidiary of a US multinational. * A component had been inserted upside down, and the entire batch has been pulled out of production to be reworked. * The cost of repairing is on the high side. * The director claimed not to know who was responsible for the damage. The group did not tell him the specific woman involved. * The whole group has accepted responsibility of the event. * The woman concerned tried to resign from work but her coworkers coax her back again, the groups is aware that she is new and they did not help her enough or look out for her or see that she was properly trained. * The entire group decided to take responsibility and apologize to j ean. 3. 2 STATING THE PROBLEM The problem in this case is that Jean needs to find the culprit who fixed the component upside down. 3. 3 SETTING THE OBJECTIVESThe objectives of this case are to find out the culprit and for the culprit to be punished in order to avoid future reputation of the same event. 3. 4 IDENTIFYING THE AREAS OF CONSIDERATION IN THIS CASE The problem in this case is that jean wants to know the culprit in order for her to punish the person involved to avoid any similar case in the future, but the plant manager regards this as not important if the culprit has realized her mistake, but on the other hand, Jean Safari thinks its important for her to find out the person, and take an action against her.Jean Safari is a UNIVERSALIST and believes in INDIVIDUALISM also meaning she is concerned about the rules of the firm and the person involved should be punished individually, but the plant manager and the remaining workers are PARTICULARIST and they believe in COMMUNATALI SM, they believe in the relationship they have with one another and they work as a group which makes them COMMUNTALIST in nature.UNIVERSALIST: In Universalist culture, the rules apply equally to the whole †universe† of members, regardless of relationships General rules, codes, values and standards †What is good and right can be defined and always applied† In a Universal society such as the U. S. , rules and contracts are developed which can apply in any situation. There is a belief that what is good or true can be discovered, defined, and applied to every situation.Because of their Universalist approach, in a business situation Americans will want to rely on a contract to communicate the terms of an agreement and to define the relationship between the parties. PARTICULARISM: Particularism is based on logic of the heart and human friendship. China is a particularistic culture where people look at relationships and circumstances in a specific situation to decid e what is right. For the Chinese, the legal contract communicates a starting point for an agreement. As circumstances change so too should the terms of the agreement.For the Chinese, the situation and the particular individuals involved are what define relationship. INDIVIDUALISM: Individualism is a theory maintaining the political and economic independence of the individual and stressing individual initiative, action, and interests also conduct or practice guided by such a theory. Individualism places great value on self-reliance, on privacy, and on mutual respect. Negatively, it embraces opposition to authority and to all manner of controls over the individual, especially when exercised by the state.As a theory of human nature, individualism holds that the interests of the normal adult are best served by allowing him maximum freedom and responsibility for choosing his objectives and the means for obtaining them. COMMUNATALISM: Communitarianism is an ideology that emphasizes the co nnection between the individual and the community. That community may be the family unit, but it can also be understood in a far wider sense of personal interaction, of geographical location, or of shared history. 3. 5 PROPOSING THREE ALTERNATIVE COURSE OF ACTIONS ST ALTERNATIVE: The first alternative would be to use PUNISHMENT (SUSPENSION) because if the culprit is being suspended from work he would not be paid for those days that he wont be around because it would be considered he is not working for the main time he would not be around this would help in disciplining of other workers in the organization and it would avoid further mistakes and lack of concentration and new employees would be watched thoroughly and all the existing workers would help the new ones and get them on track to do the new job. nd ALTERNATIVE: The second alternative could be CONSIDERATION, the culprit could be considered so as to allow the worker with the impression he would not repeat the same mistake agai n.The advantage of this is the worker would be happy to work in the firm knowing that the firm considered him and this also would motivate him/her and other coworkers but also consideration might also have a negative effect, if the workers know that they are always considered when they make a mistake every worker would make a mistake and would expect to be considered employees will develop a sense of rebellion in response to punishment rather than seeing it as a deterrent to a particular activity. rd ALTERNATIVE: The third alternative should be WARNING a culprit could be seriously warned not to attempt doing such offence again and if he repeats it a serious action would be taken against him/her I this way the culprits and the other co workers would be very careful in their dealings in the firm, the disadvantage of this might be, some workers would not adhere to the rules and regulations of the firm knowing that the highest thing that can happen would be a warning letter. 3. 6 CHOOSI NG AND RECOMMENDING THE BEST SOLUTIONThe best solution to this case is WARNING and SUSPENSION because if the culprit is warned she would not repeat such offence again in future since it would be clearly stated that if the offence is done again a serious action would be taken, if the culprit is punished this would make other workers scared and some might even leave the organization which would be at the risk of the organization in general, and also if the worker is suspended this would bring a huge difference in the attitude of workers in the organization since they know that a serious action would be taken against them therefore they would be more careful when they are doing the job.BIBLIOGRAPHY bukchin, m. (2012, october 25). http://www. via-web. de/universalism-versus-particularism/. Retrieved march 22, 2013, from http://www. via-web. de/universalism-versus-particularism/: http://www. via-web. de/universalism-versus-particularism/ media, d. (2012, september 5). http://www. meez. c om/community. dm? furl=http%3A//forums. meez. com/forums/serious-topics/6221608-individualism-vs-communalism. html. Retrieved march 22, 2013, from http://www. meez. com/community. dm? furl=http%3A//forums. meez. com/forums/serious-topics/6221608-individualism-vs-communalism. html: http://www. meez. com/community. dm? furl=http%3A//forums. meez. om/forums/serious-topics/6221608-individualism-vs-communalism. html mitchel, c. (2011, august 6). http://www. theaustralian. com. au/national-affairs/opinion/individualism-versus-communalism/story-e6frgd0x-1226109346928. Retrieved march 22, 2013, from http://www. theaustralian. com. au/national-affairs/opinion/individualism-versus-communalism/story-e6frgd0x-1226109346928: http://www. theaustralian. com. au/national-affairs/opinion/individualism-versus-communalism/story-e6frgd0x-1226109346928 webstar, m. (2013, february 3). http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/particularism. Retrieved march 22, 2013, from http://www. merriam-webster. co m/dictionary/particularism:

REFLECTION ON RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGICAL CHOICES IN THREE ACADEMIC Essay

REFLECTION ON RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGICAL CHOICES IN THREE ACADEMIC ARTICLE ON THEORY OF COMPLIANCE - Essay Example This write up presents the analysis of three articles dealing with different ideas regarding customer compliance. Casabov and Da-Cuhna (2004) evaluated whether call center services are comprised of client centricity or by control of customer by employees. Dellande and Nyer (2007) studied the impact of public commitment to customer compliance, while Dellande, Gilly and Graham (2004) evaluated the providers’ role in gaining compliance. Casabov and Da-Cuhna (2004) studied two Brazilian call centres seeking to determine whether the service interfaces fortitudes were customer guided or depended on the control of employees over the customers. The enquiry adopted the use of direct surveillance and semi structured interviews to collect the information. The information was collected from managers, overseers and technicians. The researchers carried out 33 interviews and two-week observations in two call centres. The study indicated that control was extensively practiced and did not resu lt in prolonged customer dissatisfaction. Dellande, Gilly and Graham (2004) evaluated the role of service provider in ensuring compliance. They used weight loss subjects from Lindora Comprehensive Weight Control. Lindora uses a platform based on medicine to regulate weight. The program has clinics throughout southern California. Data was collected by use of questionnaires disseminated to nurses and patients, use of archival data, and interviews. The data analysis method used was the PLS structural equation method given the complex mathematical nature of the data presented. They found out that provider expertise determined client’s role clarity, which in turn affected compliance. Attitudinal homophily was a significant factor in influencing compliance. Further, they concluded that role clarity, and role ability influence compliance. Dellande and Nyer (2007) evaluated the effect of public pledge on acquiescence. The study seeks to investigate the role of open commitment in gain ing client acquiescence. The study collected data using 3 x 2 full factorial designs employing three levels of commitment. They engaged the use of median split to generate two ranks of SNI (low and high). The subjects were drawn from an online marketing introductory course. 102 students participated but 96 completed the study. The researchers evaluated the effect of an open declaration to conserve paper on the students’ continued conservation of papers during the term. The researchers found out that people who made an open declaration to conserve papers conserved more papers that those who made private declarations and those who did not make any pledge. Further, those who made private declaration conserved more than those who did not make any pledges. Part two: Methodological evaluation of the articles Casabov and Da-Cuhna (2004): Employee Control in Call Centers The methodology employed in the article tackling the call centers service deliveries in two Brazilian call centers employed the use of exposed surveillance, where the researcher were strategically placed to view the reactions of the customers for two weeks. The study also engaged the use of semi-structured questionnaires to 33 employees of the two call centers. The respondents included call centers managers, their supervisors and the operative staff members. The sample size in qualitative researches has been debated by various scholars in an attempt to identify the ideal size. Stead, Struwig and Struwig (2001, p.

Respiration & Circulation Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Respiration & Circulation - Lab Report Example There are different parts of circulation and respiration. They include heart, blood vessels, capillaries, blood, spleen, trachea, lungs, and pericardium (Starr and McMillan 2013). Respiration involves inhalation and exhalation of air. The respiratory system is a structure that enables human beings to breath. As stated earlier, respiration involves absorption of oxygen from the atmosphere and elimination of Carbon dioxide. The respiratory system is identified by different structures from the nose to the chest. Some of the structures are the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, primary bronchi, and alveolar duct. The structures of respiration are categorised into lower and the upper respiratory tract. The nose, mouth and the trachea form the upper part, which allows air in and out from the body. The lower parts of the system include trachea, bronchi, broncheoli, pulmonary alveoli and lungs. The trachea is in the two parts of the respiratory system. However, the upper part of the trachea is a small section while lower connects the bronchi and the throat (Jakab 2007). Each lung has  of roughly  300 million alveoli, which  are in the form of tiny sacks formed at the end of the bronchioles. Tiny blood vessels surround alveoli. Alveoli form a large surface that makes it good for gaseous exchange because the tiny layer of the blood vessels covers the alveoli. Oxygen from the alveoli enters the blood vessels while the CO2 is eliminated from the blood vessels. This is because the blood vessels surrounding the alveoli have more CO2 than the alveoli that have more oxygen. For a balance of both gases, oxygen diffuses to the blood while CO2 diffuses out from the blood to the alveoli. CO2 is breathed out while oxygen breathed in hence gaseous exchange takes place (Fosbery and McLean 1996). During inhalation and exhalation, the pressure and volume of the lungs change. When air is breathed in, the ribs move upwards